Analisis Normatif Filosofis terhadap Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) tentang Hukum Pengendalian Perubahan Iklim Global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47971/mjhi.v8i2.1502Keywords:
Fatwa, Global Climate Change, Maqhasid Syari'ahAbstract
Global climate change threatens human health, socio-economic stability, and environmental sustainability. This study aims to normatively-philosophically analyze the legal construction and scriptural argumentation in the Indonesian Council of Ulama (MUI) Fatwa No. 86 of 2023 on the Law of Global Climate Change Control, as well as to assess its coherence with the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and contemporary Islamic environmental ethics. The approach employed is content analysis of the official text of the fatwa as the primary source, supported by books and academic journals on climate change as secondary sources. This research fills a gap in the literature, which has so far tended to highlight the practical fiqhiyyah aspects of MUI environmental fatwas, by offering a philosophical reading of the maqāṣid-based rationality and the istislāḥī–sadd al-dharī‘ah framework used in the formulation of the fatwa. The findings show that MUI Fatwa No. 86 of 2023 affirms the prohibition of environmental destruction and the obligation of climate mitigation and adaptation as part of the protection of life, property, and the preservation of the earth, thereby theoretically enriching the discourse on fiqh al-bi’ah and practically strengthening the normative basis for climate change control movements and policies in Indonesia.
Downloads
References
Abbas, Ahmad Sudirman. “Syari’at Perlindungan Dan Pemeliharaan Alam.” Himmah: Jurnal Kajian Islam Kontemporer 1, no. 01 (2017). https://doi.org/10.47313/jkik.v1i01.332.
Abbas, Ahmad Sudirman. “Syari’at Perlindungan dan Pemeliharaan Alam.” Himmah: Jurnal Kajian Islam Kontemporer 1, no. 01 (2017). https://doi.org/10.47313/jkik.v1i01.332.
Abdelaal, Kamal Abdelaal Tamam, Abdulaziz Abdulrahman Aldhamer, Faisal Basim Aljawabrah, and Yassin Mahmoud Abdelqader. “Environmental Sustainability in the Prophetic Sunnah.” Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 8, no. 6 (2024): 5138–44. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v8i6.3131.
Afrizal, A, and H Umar. “Metode Ijtihad Fazlur Rahman (Double Movement).” Sosio Akademika, no. Query date: 2024-04-19 21:16:16 (2023). https://journal.iaismqbangko.ac.id/index.php/sosio/article/view/37.
Ahmad Al Qurthubi, Muhammad. Al Jami’ Li Ahkam Al Qur’an. Dar Al Kutub Al Misriyah, 1964.
Ahmad, Jumal. Approaches to the Study of Religion (Aneka Pendekatan Studi Agama) Oleh Peter Connolly (Ed)). n.d. Accessed December 6, 2025. https://www.academia.edu/37757953/Approaches_to_the_Study_of_Religion_Aneka_Pendekatan_Studi_Agama_oleh_Peter_Connolly_ed_.
Al Razy, Fahru Ad Din. Mafatih Al Ghaib. CD. Maktabah Syamilah, n.d.
Alwi, Zulfahmi, Abustani Ilyas, Zikri Darussamin, and Achmad Ghozali Syafii. “Socio-Eco-Religio-Cultural Approaches in Addressing Environmental Damage: An Interpretative Analysis Based on The Quran and Hadith.” Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 1 (2024): e06524–e06524.
Amini, Azam, Mohammad Abedi, Elnaz Nesari, et al. “The Paris Agreement’s Approach toward Climate Change Loss and Damage.” World Affairs 186, no. 1 (2023): 46–80.
Ariani, Deniza. “The Effectiveness of Climate Change Litigation as a Venue to Uphold State Climate Change Obligations in Indonesia.” Indonesian Journal of International Law 16 (2019). https://doi.org/DOI:%252010.17304/ijil.vol15.3.751.
Banerjee, Reshmi. “Climate Change in Indonesia: A Glimpse of Riau and East Kalimantan.” Journal of Resources, Energy and Development 9, no. 2 (2012): 89–99.
Bisri, Hasan. Model penelitian fiqh: paradigma penelitian fiqh & fiqh penelitian. Ed. 1. Kencana, 2003.
Chitadze, N. “Modern Global Problems Related to Climate Changes and Their Impact on South Caucasus and Georgia.” NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 2017, 19–22. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1071-6_4.
Fathil, Mohd., Zulfan Saam, Sukendi Sukendi, and Syamsul Nizar. “Islam and Environment: Education Perspective.” Al-Ta Lim Journal 22, no. 2 (2015): 96–106. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v22i2.128.
Gari, Lutfallah. “A History of the Hima Conservation System.” Environment and History 12, no. 2 (2006): 213–28. https://doi.org/10.3197/096734006776680236.
Ge, Q.-S., F. Wang, S.-W. Wang, and B.-B. Cheng. “Certainty and Uncertainty in Global Warming Studies.” Zhongguo Renkou Ziyuan Yu Huan Jing/ China Population Resources and Environment 24, no. 1 (2014): 1–6. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2014.01.001.
Ghotbi, Soraya. “Ethical Rights of Animals in Islam.” Religious Inquiries 9, no. 18 (2020): 255–68. https://doi.org/10.22034/ri.2020.189042.1334.
Hamilton, I., H. Kennard, A. McGushin, et al. “The Public Health Implications of the Paris Agreement: A Modelling Study.” The Lancet Planetary Health 5, no. 2 (2021): e74–83. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30249-7.
Haque, Shama E. “Chapter 2 - Historical Perspectives on Climate Change and Its Influence on Nature.” In Visualization Techniques for Climate Change with Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, edited by Arun Srivastav, Ashutosh Dubey, Abhishek Kumar, Sushil Kumar Narang, and Moonis Ali Khan. Elsevier, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-99714-0.00003-0.
Harahap, Zul Anwar Ajim. “Konsep MaqashidAl-Syariah Sebagai Dasar Penetapan Dan Penerapannya Dalam Hukum Islam Menurut ‘Izzuddin Bin ‘Abd al-Salam (w. 660 h).” TAZKIR: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Keislaman 9, no. 2 (2014): 171–90.
Harris, R. “Environmental Policy from the Great Society to 1980: A Coalition Comes Unglued.” In Conservatism and American Political Development. 2011. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195373929.003.0005.
HB, ZM, and M Arna. “Mashlahah Menurut Izzuddin Abd Al-Salam: Analisis Perbedaan Mashlahah Menurut Izzuddin Bin Abd al-Salam Dengan Ulama Sebelumnya.” Jurnal Al-Nadhair, no. Query date: 2024-04-19 21:16:16 (2022). https://jurnal.mahadalymudi.ac.id/index.php/Al-Nadhair/article/view/19.
Hussein, J.M., S.K. Abdullah, M. Zuhair, Z.M. Dahash, and A.M. Maksutalievna. “Islamic Legal Perspectives on Climate Change and Global Policy Frameworks.” Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam 9, no. 2 (2024): 723–42. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v9i2.11185.
Jamaluddin, Samsidar, and Andi Muh Taqiyuddin BN. “Examining the Istinbat Systems of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah.” Jurnal Marital: Kajian Hukum Keluarga Islam 2, no. 2 (2024): 115–30.
Jawad Ahmad, Fridoon. “Climate Change: A Global Crisis.” Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences 3 (2022): 01. https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v3i05.302.
Joshipura, M., N. Nasrallah, and N. Kedia. “Green and Climate Finance for Sustainability: Hybrid Review and Framework Development.” Business Strategy and the Environment 34, no. 3 (2025): 3618–34. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4173.
Kappal, J.M., and A. Doifode. “Green Finance : A Catalyst for Sustainable Future.” 2023, 265–70. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/SIBF60067.2023.10379962.
Kau, Sofyan AP. “Posisi Fatwa Dalam Diskursus Pemikiran Hukum Islam.” Al-Ulum 10, no. 1 (2010): 177–84.
Mahadi, N.F., S.M. Yunus, and M. Batubara. “Fiqhi and Fatwa Rulings Governing Green Finance.” In Islamic Green Finance: A Research Companion. 2024. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032672946-12.
Makmur, Jamal. “Peran Fatwa Mui Dalam Berbangsa Dan Bernegara.” Wahana Akademika: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Sosial 5, no. 2 (2019): 41–52.
Mangunjaya, Fahruddin. Konservasi Alam Dalam Islam. Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2005.
Marfai, Muh Aris. “Impact of Sea Level Rise to Coastal Ecology: A Case Study on the Northern Part of Java Island, Indonesia.” Quaestiones Geographicae 33, no. 1 (2014): 107–14.
Mennicken, L., A. Janz, and S. Roth. “The German R&D Program for CO2 Utilization—Innovations for a Green Economy.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23, no. 11 (2016): 11386–92. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6641-1.
Mufid, Abdul, Abd Kadir Massoweang, Mujizatullah Mujizatullah, and Abu Muslim. “A Religious Discourse on Water and Environmental Conservation Issues: An Interfaith Approach.” Verbum et Ecclesia 44, no. 1 (2023): 2822.
Muradov, Nazim, and Nazim Muradov. “Anthropogenic CO 2 Emissions: Sources and Trends.” Liberating Energy from Carbon: Introduction to Decarbonization, Springer, 2014, 79–89.
Nargül, Veysel Nargül. “Protection of the Environment during War in Islamic Law Literature.” International Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 33 (2024): 511–31. https://doi.org/10.52096/usbd.8.33.32.
Naser, Mostafa Mahmud, and Prafula Pearce. “Evolution of the International Climate Change Policy and Processes: UNFCCC to Paris Agreement.” In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Environmental Science. 2022.
Oktarina, Amimah. “Pengukuran Kinerja Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Provinsi Bengkulu Dengan Pendekatan Maslahah Performa (MAP).” EKOMBIS REVIEW: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis 10, no. 1 (2022): 373–83.
Rasyid, Daud, Aisyah Daud Rasyid, Sofiya Daud Rasyid, and Bilal Daud Rasyid. “The Al-Sunnah Method in Protecting The Environment: Hadith Perspectives.” Elkawnie 9, no. 2 (2023): 152. https://doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v9i2.14714.
Reichle, David E. “Anthropogenic Alterations to the Global Carbon Cycle and Climate Change.” In The Global Carbon Cycle and Climate Change. Elsevier, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820244-9.00011-1.
Ridho, Muhammad Izul, and Safrudin Edi Wibowo. “Relationships Of Human, Religion And Nature In Yusuf Qardawi’s Perspective.” Islamuna: Jurnal Studi Islam 10, no. 1 (2023): 1–18.
Rusli, Rusli. “Fikih Ekologi Dan Kearifan Tradisional: Tinjauan Terhadap Konsep Ihyâ Al-Mawât Dan Hiimâ.” HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika 5, no. 3 (2008): 287. https://doi.org/10.24239/jsi.v5i3.176.287-298.
Sabel, C.E., R. Hiscock, A. Asikainen, et al. “Public Health Impacts of City Policies to Reduce Climate Change: Findings from the URGENCHE EU-China Project.” Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source 15 (2016). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0097-0.
Sarwar, Dr. Muhammad, Dr. Muhammad Hasib, and Dr. Azhar Farid. “Islam and Wildlife Conservation.” Al Khadim Research Journal of Islamic Culture and Civilization 2, no. 2 (2021): 43–52. https://doi.org/10.53575/arjicc.E5-v2.2(21)43-52.
Schaefer, M., E. Goldman, A.M. Bartuska, A. Sutton-Grier, and J. Lubchenco. “Nature as Capital: Advancing and Incorporating Ecosystem Services in United States Federal Policies and Programs.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 112, no. 24 (2015): 7383–89. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420500112.
Setyaningsih. “Fatwa Institutions In Islamic Law.” Articles. Awang Long Law Review 5, no. 1 (2022): 314–20. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v5i1.566.
Singh, P., S. Daga, and K. Yadav. Investing for a Greener Planet: Addressing Climate Challenges Through Sustainable Finance. Investing for a Greener Planet: Addressing Climate Challenges Through Sustainable Finance. 2025. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003465751.
Sobirin, M., and K. Khasanah. “The Pesantren Scholars’ Fatwa on Global Warming and Climate Change: An Integrative Analysis of Islamic Law, Theology, and Environmental Sciences on the Practice of Multidisciplinary Ijtihad.” Cogent Arts and Humanities 10, no. 1 (2023). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2193023.
Turkamani, H.S. “The Role of Islam in Realizing the Goals of Climate Change Law: From Theory to Practice?” Journal for European Environmental and Planning Law 20, no. 1 (2023): 24–50. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1163/18760104-20010007.
UNEP. What You Need to Know about the COP27 Loss and Damage Fund. Story. UN Environment Programme, 2022. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/what-you-need-know-about-cop27-loss-and-damage-fund.
Wang, H., Y. Dai, S. Yang, et al. “Predicting Climate Anomalies: A Real Challenge.” Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 15, no. 1 (2022). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aosl.2021.100115.
Zaman, M., K. Kleineidam, L. Bakken, et al. “Greenhouse Gases from Agriculture.” In Measuring Emission of Agricultural Greenhouse Gases and Developing Mitigation Options Using Nuclear and Related Techniques: Applications of Nuclear Techniques for GHGs, edited by Mohammad Zaman, Lee Heng, and Christoph Müller. Springer International Publishing, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55396-8_1.
Zikra, Muhammad. “Climate Change Impacts on Indonesian Coastal Areas.” Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 14 (2015): 57–63.
Zuhir, Mada Apriandi, AA Dajaan Imami, and Idris Idris. “Indonesia Pasca Ratifikasi Perjanjian Paris 2015; Antara Komitmen Dan Realitas.” Bina Hukum Lingkungan 1, no. 2 (2017): 231–48.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mutawasith: Jurnal Hukum Islam
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
.png)
